Table 3.
Comparison between Subjects with and without History of Childhood Trauma
| Any type of childhood trauma |
Emotional Abuse | Physical Abuse |
Sexual Abuse |
Emotional Neglect |
Physical Neglect |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||
| Age | 42.4 (10.2) | 49.1 (9.6) | 44.5 (10.4) | 50.2 (8.9) | 44.8 (10.1) | 52.4 (8.4) | 45.8 (10.3) | 49.4 (9.9) | 44.7 (10.6) | 52.0 (7.3) | 46.2 (11.0) | 48.2 (9.3) | |
| t(73)=−2.69 p=0.009 | t(72)=−2.48 p=0.015 | t(71)=−3.25 p=0.002 | t(72)=−1.4 p>0.05 | t(73)=−3.09 p=0.003 | t(73)=−0.85 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| Age of onset | 24.9 (10.2) | 21.1 (8.5) | 23.8 (9.4) | 19.5 (7.9) | 22.8 (9.3) | 21.3 (9.2) | 23.5 (9.6) | 19.8 (7.9) | 22.9 (9.4) | 21.0 (8.6) | 23.5 (9.0) | 20.8 (9.2) | |
| t(72)=−1.66 p>0.05 | t(71)=2.04 p=0.045 | t(70)=0.65 p>0.05 | t(71)=1.60 p>0.05 | t(72)=0.85 p>0.05 | t(72)=1.28 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| Duration of illness | 17.2 (10.1) | 27.0 (10.7) | 19.7 (10.6) | 30.0 (9.9) | 20.8 (10.6) | 30.4 (10.3) | 21.5 (10.9) | 28.7 (10.9) | 20.7 (10.2) | 30.7 (10.7) | 22.3 (11.6) | 25.9 (11.0) | |
| t(69)=−3.56 p=0.001 | t(68)=−4.13 p<0.001 | t(68)=−3.67 p<0.001 | t(68)=−2.62 p=0.011 | t(69)=−3.84 p<0.001 | t(69)=−1.34 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| YMRS | 3.3 (3.6) | 3.2 (3.4) | 3.1 (3.6) | 3.4 (3.3) | 3.2 (3.7) | 3.3 (3.0) | 3.2 (3.6) | 3.2 (3.2) | 2.9 (3.0) | 3.8 (4.1) | 3.5 (3.9) | 3.0 (2.9) | |
| t(72)=0.14 p>0.05 | t(71)=−0.26 p>0.05 | t(71)=−0.08 p>0.05 | t(71)=−0.78 p>0.05 | t=(72)=−1.10 p>0.05 | t(72)=.63 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| HRDS | 6.5 (5.5) | 7.7 (6.4) | 6.0 (5.7) | 9.4 (6.3) | 6.8 (5.9) | 8.7 (6.4) | 6.7 (5.7) | 8.8 (6.8) | 6.3 (5.3) | 9.4 (7.2) | 6.2 (5.8) | 8.6 (6.3) | |
| t(72)=−0.77 p>0.05 | t(71)=−2.38 p=0.020 | t(71)=−1.28 p>0.05 | t(71)=−1.37 p>0.05 | t(72)=−2.09 p=0.040 | t(72)=−1.72 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| WRAT-3 | 100.0 (14.1) | 97.0 (14.6) | 98.1 (14.5) | 98.3 (14.1) | 99.2 (14.4) | 96.0 (14.3) | 98.3 (14.7) | 97.0 (14.5) | 97.0 (14.8) | 99.5 (13.9) | 100.4 (14.8) | 95.2 (13.8) | |
| t(71)=0.81 p>0.05 | t(70)=−0.08 p>0.05 | t(70)=0.91 p>0.05 | t(70)=0.37 p>0.05 | t(71)=−0.69 p>0.05 | t(71)=1.55 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||||||||
| Sex | M | 15 (68.2) | 36 (67.9) | 29 (69.0) | 21 (65.6) | 32 (66.7) | 17 (68.0) | 37 (75.5) | 13 (52.0) | 35 (70.0) | 16 (64.0) | 23 (59.0) | 28 (77.8) |
| F | 7 (31.8) | 17 (32.1) | 13 (31.0) | 11 (34.4) | 16 (33.3) | 8 (32.0) | 12 (24.5) | 12(48.0) | 15 (30.0) | 9 (36.0) | 16 (41.0) | 8 (22.2) | |
| Chi2 (1)=0.00 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.105 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.01 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=4.17 p=0.041 | Chi2 (1)=0.28 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=2.7 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| Race | CA | 9 (40.9) | 11 (20.8) | 11 (26.2) | 9 (28.1) | 12 (25.0) | 8 (32.0) | 15 (30.6) | 5 (20.0) | 14 (28.0) | 6 (24.0) | 14 (35.9) | 6 (16.7) |
| N-CA | 13 (59.1) | 42 (79.2) | 31 (73.8) | 23 (71.9) | 36 (75.0) | 17 (68.0) | 34 (69.4) | 20 (80.0) | 36 (72.0) | 19 (76.0) | 25 (64.1) | 30 (83.3) | |
| Chi2 (1)=3.2 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.03 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.40 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.94 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.04 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=3.54 p>0.05 | ||||||||
| Diagnosis | BD-I | 17 (77.3) | 36 (67.9) | 31 (73.8) | 22 (68.8) | 34 (70.8) | 17 (68.0) | 34 (69.4) | 18 (72.0) | 37 (74.0) | 16 (64.0) | 30 (76.9) | 23 (63.9) |
| BD-II | 5 (22.7) | 17 (32.1) | 11 (26.2) | 10 (31.2) | 14 (29.2) | 8 (32.0) | 15 (30.6) | 7 (28.0) | 13 (26.0) | 9 (36.0) | 9 (23.1) | 13 (36.1) | |
| Chi2 (1)=0.65 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.23 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.80 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.05 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=0.80 p>0.05 | Chi2 (1)=1.5 p>0.05 | ||||||||