Table 1. Characteristics of all studies included in the systematic review.
| CRUDE PREVALENCE % | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIRST AUTHOR | REGION | BP cut-off | TARGET POPULATION | SETTING | Age (years) | SAMPLE SIZE (Response Rate %) | OVERALL (95%CI) | MEN(95%CI) | WOMEN(95%CI) |
| Odetunde,201427 | SE | >95th Pα | school based | Urban | 2–5 | 630(100) | 1.9(0.83–2.96) | 1.3(0.4–2.1) | 0.63(0.01–1.3) |
| Abegunde,201335 | SW | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | 60–110 | 630(98.4) | 36.5 (32.7–40.3) | NA | NA |
| Ekore,200936 | SW | 140/90 | hospital based | Urban | 18–44 | 405(100) | 30.6(26.1–35.1) | 34.4(26.9–41.9) | 28.3(22.7–33.9) |
| Cooper,199737 | national | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 25–74 | 2509(96) | 14.5(13.1–15.9) | 14.7(12.7–16.7) | 14.30(12.4–16.2) |
| Daniel,201338 | SW | 140/90 | community based | urban slum | 20–81 | 964(100) | 38.2(35.1–41.3) | 44.5(39.1–49.9) | 34.9(31.1–38.6) |
| Makusidi,201339 | NW | 140/90 | community based | Urban | 15–80 | 535(99) | 30.2(26.3–34.1) | NA | NA |
| Murthy,201373 | national | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | ≥40 | 13,591(99.4) | 44.7(43.5–46.3) | 42.6(40.9–44.4) | 46.8(45.3–48.4) |
| Isezuo,201140 | NW | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 15–65 | 782(100) | 24.8(21.8–27.8) | 24.9(20.7–29.1) | 23.60(19.2–27.9) |
| Olatunbosun,200041 | SW | 160/95 | community based | Urban | ≥ 18 | 998(100) | 10.3(8.4–12.2) | 13.9(11.1–16.7) | 5.3(3.2–7.5) |
| okpechi,201342 | SE | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | ≥18 | 2983(99) | 31.4(29.7–33.1) | 34.9(32.1–37.4) | 28.1(25.9–30.3) |
| Oladapo,201043 | SW | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 18–64 | 2000(100) | 20.8(19.0–22.6) | 21.1(18.4–23.8) | 20.5(18.1–22.9) |
| Ige,201344 | SW | 140/90 | community based | Urban | 28–50 | 525(95.9) | 21.5(17.9–25.0) | 21.9(6.9–26.8) | 21.1(16.1–26.1) |
| Ekanem,201345 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Urban | 15–65 | 442(99) | 47.0(42.3–51.7) | 30.1(24.1–36.1) | 16.8(11.8–21.8) |
| Hendriks,201246 | NC | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 2678(99) | 19.3 # (17.3–21.3) | NA | NA |
| Ulasi,201047 | SE | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | 25–65 | 1458(75.8) | 32.8(30.4–35.2) | NA | NA |
| Johnson,197148 | SW | 160/95 | community based | Urban | 10–102 | 1392(100) | 8.9(7.4–10.4) | 7.9(5.8–10) | 9.9(7.8–12.0) |
| Okesina,199949 | NE | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 500(100) | 15.2(12.0–18.3) | 19.1(14.5–23.7) | 10.3(6.3–14.3) |
| Ejike,201034 | NC | >95th Pα | community based | urban/rural | 13–18 | 843(100) | 10.1(8.1–12.1) | 9.0(6.4–11.7) | 11.3(8.2–14.4) |
| Mijinyawa,200850 | NW | 140/90 | community based | Urban | 13–19 | 1000(100) | 7.2(5.6–8.9) | 6.2(4.0–8.4) | 7.7(5.3–10.1) |
| Ekezie,201151 | NC/SE | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | 20–80 | 567(82.7) | 21.7(18.3–25.1) | NA | NA |
| Ulasi,201152 | SE | 140/90 | community based | Urban | ≥20 | 731(94.1) | 42.2(38.5–35.9) | 46.3(43.6–48.9) | 37.7(32.5–42.9) |
| Ike,200953 | SE | 140/90 | hospital based | Urban | ≥20 | 1360(100) | 18.4(17.5–19.2) | 17.2(16.1–18.3) | 18.9(17.5–20.3) |
| Adedoyin,200854 | SW | 140/90 | community based | semi urban | 21–100 | 2097(92.3) | 36.6(34.5–38.7) | 36.8(33.6–39.9) | 36.4(33.7–39.1) |
| Lawoyin,200255 | SW | 160/95 | community cohort | Urban | ≥18 | 2144(99.4) | 12.4(11.0–13.8) | 12.1(10.6–14.0) | 12.7(10.4–13.6) |
| Adebayo,201356 | SW | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 15–90 | 1000(100) | 26.4(23.7–29.1) | 27.3(23.3–31.3) | 25.4(21.6–29.2) |
| Ekpeyong,201276 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 18–60 | 2780(96.3) | 14.4(13.1–15.7) | 12.6(10.9–14.3) | 12.2(10.4–13.9) |
| Suleiman,201333 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥20 | 400(100) | 15(11.5–18.5) | 18.8(12.7–24.9) | 12.5(8.3–16.7) |
| Oluyombo,201457 | SW | 140/90 | community based | semi urban | ≥18 | 750(89.8) | 47.2(43.6–50.8) | 48.9(42.3–55.5) | 47.3(43.0–51.6) |
| Okpara,201548 | NC | 140/90 | Community based | Urban | ≥16 | 471(100) | 15.7(12.4–18.9) | 16.5(12.4–20.6) | 14.1(8.6–19.6) |
| Ezenwaka,199759 | SW | 140/90 | community based | urban/rural | ≥55 | 500(100) | 30(25.9–34.0) | 25.8(19.8–31.8) | 36.6(31.1–42.1) |
| Andy,201260 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 3869(96.7) | 23.6(23.3–24.9) | 31.2(28.9–33.5) | 18.1(15.8–20.4) |
| Onwuchekwa,201261 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 1078(95) | 18.3(15.9–20.6) | NA | NA |
| Omuemu,200762 | SS | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 590(98) | 20.2(16.9–23.4) | 26.2(21.2–31.2) | 13.2(9.3–17.1) |
| Onwubere,201163 | SE | 140/90 | community based | Rural | 40–60 | 858(70.4) | 46.4(43.1–49.7) | 50.2(43.9–56.4) | 44.8(40.9–48.7) |
| Ogunlesi,199164 | SW | 160/95 | male factoryworkers | Urban | ≥18 | 541(100) | 8(5.7–10.3) | NA | NA |
| Okpere,201365 | SS | >95th Pα | school based | Urban | 10–17 | 820(100) | 3.2(1.9–4.4) | 3.3(1.5–5.1) | 3.1(1.4–4.8) |
| Ujunwa,201366 | SE | >95th Pα | school based | Urban | 10–18 | 2694(100) | 5.4(4.5–6.3) | 3.8(2.8–4.8) | 6.9(5.6–8.2) |
| Oyewole,201267 | SW | >95th Pα | school based | Urban | 12–18 | 1638(100) | 0.1(-0.1–0.3) | 0.1(-0.2–0.33) | 0.1(-0.2–0.33) |
| Akinkugbe,196868 | SW | 140/90 | community based | Rural | ≥18 | 3602(100) | 10.1(9.1–11.1) | 9.1(8.1–10.1) | 11.2(10.2–12.2) |
| Jain,197769 | NW | 160/95 | hospital based | Urban | ≥18 | 2950(99.7) | 3.8(3.1–4.5) | 2.9(2.2–3.6) | 4.9(4.2–5.6) |
| Oviasu,197770 | SS | 160/100 | community based | Rural | ≥19 | 1482(96.8) | 2.1(1.4–2.8) | 2.8(2.1–3.5) | 0.5(0.2–2.1) |
| Oviasu,198071 | SS | 140/90 | civil servants | Urban | ≥18 | 1265(99) | 13.3(11.4–15.2) | 14(12.1–15.9) | 10(8.1–12.0) |
| Idahosa,198572 | SS | 140/90 | civil servants | Urban | ≥18 | 1450(98.2) | 15.1(13.3–16.9) | NA | NA |
| Akinkugbe,199775 | National | 160/95 | community based | urban/rural | ≥18 | 4930(98.4) | 11.2(10.3–12.1) | NA | NA |
# = age standardised prevalence rate;
NA = not available;SW = south west;SE = south east;SS = south south;NC = north central;NW = north west;NE = north east;α = 95th percentile