Table 5. Unadjusted hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease comparing IBD drug users* and non-users (COHORT B).
| HR (95%CI), p unadjusted comparing IBD and non-IBD patients | HR (95%CI), p unadjusted comparing users of Azathioprine/methotrexate 1 and non-users | HR (95%CI), p unadjusted comparing users of Tumour necrosis factor α antagonists 1 and non-users | HR (95%CI), p unadjusted comparing users of 5ASAs 1 and non-users | HR (95%CI), p unadjusted comparing users of Corticosteroids 1 and non-users | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease | |||||
| IBD | 1.2 (1.1–1.3), p<0.001 | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) p = 0.614 | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) p = 0.256 | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) p = <0.001 | 1.8 (1.6–1.9) p<0.001 |
| CD | 1.2 (1.0–1.5), p = 0.059 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) p = 0.327 | 1.4 (0.2–9.8) p = 746 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) p = 0.322 | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) p<0.001 |
| UC | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) p<0.001 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) p = 0.324 | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) p = 0.997 | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) p = 0.001 | 1.8 (1.6–1.9) p<0.001 |
| Angina | |||||
| IBD | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) p = 0.235 | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) p = 0.653 | 2.0 (0.9–4.4) p = 0.095 | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) p = 0.449 | 1.8 (1.6–2.0) p<0.001 |
| CD | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) p = 0.836 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) p = 0.141 | 0.1 (0.0–241) p = 0.702 | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) p = 0.654 | 2.0 (1.6–2.6) p<0.001 |
| UC | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) p = 0.428 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) p = 0.287 | 1.2 (0.4–3.7) p = 0.753 | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) p = 0.703 | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) p<0.001 |
| Coronary Heart Disease | |||||
| IBD | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) p = 0.081 | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) p = 0.210 | 1.9 (0.8–4.2) p = 0.128 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) p = 0.022 | 1.7 (1.6–1.9) p<0.001 |
| CD | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) p = 0.459 | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) p = 0.929 | 2.7 (0.4–19.1) p = 0.326 | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) p = 0.250 | 1.9 (1.5–2.5) p<0.001 |
| UC | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) p = 0.108 | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) p = 0.038 | 1.5 (0.6–4.1) p = 0.404 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) p = 0.093 | 1.7 (1.5–1.9) p<0.001 |
| Ischaemic Heart Disease | |||||
| IBD | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) p<0.001 | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) p = 0.688 | 1.9 (0.9–4.3) p = 0.107 | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) p<0.001 | 1.8 (1.6–2.0) p<0.001 |
| CD | 1.2 (1.0–1.6) p = 0.180 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) p = 0.375 | 3.0 (0.4–21.6) p = 0.268 | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) p = 0.145 | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) p<0.001 |
| UC | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) p<0.001 | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) p = 0.388 | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) p = 0.789 | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) p = 0.001 | 1.8 (1.6–2.0) p<0.001 |
| MI | |||||
| IBD | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) p = 0.002 | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) p = 0.464 | 1.1 (0.3–4.5) p = 0.878 | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) p<0.001 | 1.8 (1.5–2.0) p<0.001 |
| CD | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) p = 0.369 | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) p = 0.215 | 0.05 (0.0–485) p = 0.749 | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) p = 0.652 | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) p = 0.021 |
| UC | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) p = 0.004 | 1.5 (1.0–2.1) p = 0.036 | 0.7 (0.1–5.1) p = 0.737 | 1.5 1.2–1.8) p<0.001 | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) p<0.001 |
1Drug users with and without IBD were included in this analysis
*Analysis excludes cases of IHD diagnosed prior to IBD diagnosis.