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. 2015 Oct 13;8:168. doi: 10.1186/s13068-015-0352-6

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© Lin et al. 2015

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Removal of butanol and ethanol using the model BE solution. a The residual butanol and ethanol concentrations in the model BE solutions, b flux of butanol at various butanol concentrations, c flux of ethanol at various ethanol concentrations, and d performance of concentrated butanol concentration in the filtrate of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). All the data presented here are mean values of duplicate experiments