Table 6.
Studies investigating POCD associated with temperature during cardiac surgery.
| Study | Study design |
Number of patients |
Mean temperature (Celsius) | Time of assessment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grimm et al., 2000 [87] | RCT | 144 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 32°C |
1 week and 4 months | Improved cognition (with normothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Shaaban-Ali et al., 2002 [88] | RCT | 60 | (1) Normothermia: 34°C (2) Hypothermia: 28°C |
5 days | Improved cognition (with normothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Nathan et al., 1995 [89] | Obsv. | 30 | Maintain ≤ 34°C | 1 week | Improved cognition (with hypothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Grocott et al., 2002 [90] | Obsv. | 300 | Post-op hypothermia only | 6 weeks | Improved cognition (with hypothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Kadoi et al., 2004 [91] | RCT | 60 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 32°C |
1 month | Improved cognition (with hypothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Boodhwani et al., 2006 [92] | RCT | 448 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 34°C |
1 week | Improved cognition (with hypothermia) |
|
| |||||
| Hiraoka et al., 2012 [93] | Obsv. | 11 | Hypothermia: 20–22°C | 3 weeks and 6 months | Improved cognition (with hypothermia) |
|
| |||||
| McLean et al., 1994 [94] | RCT | 155 | (1) Hyperthermia: >34°C (2) Hypothermia: <28°C |
5 days and 3 months | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Regragui et al., 1996 [95] | RCT | 97 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 28°C & 32°C |
6 weeks | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Heyer et al., 1997 [96] | RCT | 99 | (1) Normothermia: 34°C (2) Hypothermia: 28°C |
Discharge and 6 weeks | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Kneebone et al., 1998 [97] | Obsv. | 50 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 30–32°C |
1 week | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Reich et al., 1999 [98] | Obsv. | 149 | (1) Deep hypothermia: 12–15°C (<25 mins) (2) Deep hypothermia: 12–15°C (>25 mins) |
1 month | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Kaukinen et al., 2000 [99] | RCT | 36 | (1) Normothermia: 36-37°C (2) Hypothermia: 28°C |
5 days and 11–23 months | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Górna et al., 2001 [100] | Obsv. | 33 | No full text | 3–10 days | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Grigore et al., 2001 [101] | RCT | 300 | (1) Normothermia: 35.5–36.5°C (2) Hypothermia: 28–30°C |
6 weeks | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Kaukuntla et al., 2004 [102] | Obsv. | 60 | (1) Normothermia: 35°C (2) Differential temperature management |
1 and 8 weeks | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Reich et al., 2004 [103] | Obsv. | 61 | Monitoring during deep hypothermic arrest (28°C) | Discharge | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Boodhwani et al., 2007 [33] | RCT | 268 | (1) Normothermia: 37°C (2) Hypothermia: 34°C |
Discharge and 3 months | No difference |
|
| |||||
| Kunihara et al., 2007 [104] | Obsv. | 26 | (1) Normothermia: 34°C (2) Hypothermia: 22°C |
1 week | No difference |
Obsv.: observational.