Figure 5.
(A, B) Effects of BMP2 and FGF delivered by nanodiamonds on osteoblast differentiation and proliferation. ALP activity at 5 days was inhibited by the use of FGF with the nanodiamonds (ND-FGF), but was considerably increased in a dose-dependent manner when the ND-FGF were combined with BMP2 (ND-BF) or when the BMP2 was administered alone (ND-BMP) (A). Osteoblast proliferation shows that BMP did not enhance proliferation (ND-BMP), whereas the presence of FGF alone (ND-FGF) or in combination with BMP significantly enhanced proliferation (ND-BF) (B). (C, D) Mandibular bone loss decreased by siRNA delivery. Histological observation of the mandibular inter-molar alveolar bone height loss significantly decreased in the presence of Sema4d-siRNA-loaded nanoparticles (C) compared to control (D). (A and B) Moore L, Gatica M, Kim H, Osawa E, Ho D, Journal of Dental Research, (92), 976–987. Copyright © 2013 by International & American Associations for Dental Research. Adapted by permission of SAGE Publications.236 (C and D) Zhang Y, Wei L, Miron RJ, Zhang Q, Bian Z, Journal of Dental Research, (93), 1095–1100. Copyright © 2014 by International & American Associations for Dental Research. Adapted by permission of SAGE Publications.241
Abbreviations: BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; FGF, fibroblast growth factor.