Table 1.

Myofiber Formation in Fibrin BAMs with Only Muscle Cells (5 × 10⁶ or 1 × 10⁶ Cells) Or Coculture BAMs with 50% HUVECs and 1 × 10⁶ Or 2 × 10⁶ Cells in Total, Cultured in SkGM-SkFM (Column A), Or EGM-2 (Columns B–G) for 7 Days

	A (n = 12)	B (n = 8)	C (n = 11)	D (n = 10)	E (n = 34)	F (n = 11)	G (n = 75)	A–D	B–C	D–E	C–E	B–D	D–F	D–G
# Myoblasts	1 × 106	5 × 105	5 × 105	1 × 106	1 × 106	1 × 106	1 × 106
# HUVECs	0	0	5 × 105	0	1 × 106	0	0
Medium	SkGM/SkFM	EGM-2	EGM-2	EGM-2	EGM-2	EGM-2	EGM-2
						+10% Matrigel outer 20 μm	+10% Matrigel inner 140 μm
Number/microscopic field	42.20 ± 7.64	21.51 ± 2.34	25.63 ± 10.02	39.96 ± 5.75	40.48 ± 10.25	37.09 ± 17.14	35.21 ± 8.24	NS	NS	NS	**	*	NS	NS
Alignment	10.34 ± 4.95	11.36 ± 4.00	16.24 ± 5.96	8.04 ± 1.89	5.09 ± 1.33	7.51 ± 3.76	14.07 ± 4.45	NS	NS	NS	***	NS	NS	***
Length (μm)	147.60 ± 14.11	118.7 ± 16.30	118.90 ± 6.93	126.30 ± 7.02	127.4 ± 37.56	176.30 ± 52.45	113.40 ± 21.21	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	***	NS
Diameter (μm)	15.34 ± 3.78	10.81 ± 4.26	12.79 ± 4.60	12.20 ± 3.00	13.26 ± 3.69	14.27 ± 3.22	13.75 ± 3.67	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

Columns A–E are discussed and compared in the Aligned myofibers are formed in fibrin BAMs cultured in EGM-2 section, columns F–G are discussed in the Matrigel impacts myofiber distribution, but does not improve myofiber and endothelial network formation section. In the last seven columns, statistical significances are shown for comparisons of indicated groups. Multiple comparisons were made by a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-test, except for the parameter diameter where a parametric ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post-test was used.

BAM, bioartificial muscle; EGM, endothelial growth medium; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.