Table 1. Characteristics of patients with community-acquired pneumonia with pneumococcal DNA detected and not detected in nasopharyngeal (NP) aspirate.
| Characteristics | Pneumococcal DNA in NP aspirate | No pneumococcal DNA in NP aspirate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (N = 166) | Pneumo-coccal etiology a (N = 57) | Not pneumo-coccal etiology (N = 11) | Pneumo-coccal etiology a (N = 8) | Not pneumo-coccal etiology (N = 90) | P-valuePneumo-coccal DNA+ vs Pneumo-coccalDNA- | P-value Pneumo-coccal etiology vs Not pneumo-coccal etiology | |
| Female gender | 78 (47) | 27 (47) | 4 (36) | 4 (50) | 43 (48) | 0.89 | 0.88 |
| Age, median (range) years | 72 (18–96) | 69 (23–96) | 70 (39–91) | 69 (31–92) | 74 (18–93) | 0.77 | 0.71 |
| Any co-morbidity b | 82 (49) | 33 (58) | 4 (36) | 7 (88) | 38 (42) | 0.36 | 0.019 |
| Smoking, current or previous | 84 (51) | 35 (61) | 6 (55) | 2 (25) | 41 (46) | 0.054 | 0.25 |
| Antibiotics prior to admission | 25 (15) | 1 (1.8) | 0 | 0 | 24 (27) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Symptoms ≥2 days prior to admission | 121 (73) | 38 (67) | 8 (73) | 5 (62) | 70 (78) | 0.28 | 0.17 |
| Viral co-infection | 28 (17) | 14 (25) | 2 (18) | 0 | 12 (13) | 0.089 | 0.28 |
| Bilateral chest X-ray infiltrates | 46 (28) | 16 (28) | 0 | 0 | 30 (33) | 0.41 | 0.59 |
| Pneumonia severity index, median (range) | 85 (18–191) | 88 (31–191) | 65 (41–140) | 94 (31–132) | 83 (18–179) | 0.53 | 0.25 |
| Pneumonia severity index, risk class IV-V | 68 (41) | 23 (40) | 4 (36) | 5 (62) | 36 (40) | 0.91 | 0.78 |
| Intensive care unit admission | 9 (5.4) | 3 (5.3) | 1 (9.1) | 2 (25) | 3 (3.3) | 1.0 | 0.32 |
| 30-day mortality | 6 (3.6) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (9.1) | 0 | 4 (4.4) | 1.0 | 0.41 |
Data are presented as numbers (%), unless otherwise indicated.
a Streptococcus pneumoniae detected by blood culture and/or culture of respiratory secretions and/or urinary antigen test.
b Solid tumor, blood malignancy, liver disease, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, stroke, diabetes.