Table 4.

Risk ratios of child with ASD by mother’s cumulative intimate partner abuse in the two years before the birth year, Nurses’ Health Study II, 1963–2002, United States (N=54310 controls, N=451 cases)^†

	% (N)	Risk Ratio (95% CI)
IPV in the two years before the birth year
0 of 2 years before the birth year	88.3 (48328)	[Reference]
1 of 2 years before birth year	4.4 (2413)	1.58 (1.04, 2.40)*
2 of 2 years before birth year	7.3 (4020)	2.16 (1.33, 3.50)**
IPV in the birth year
No	88.1 (48266)	1.0 [Reference]
Yes	11.9 (6495)	0.64 (0.41, 1.00)

^†Model adjusted for child’s sex, child’s birth year, mother’s age at child’s birth, maximum of parents’ education in mother’s childhood and mother’s experience of childhood abuse.

χ² test significant at

^*P<0.05,

^**P<0.01