Table 3. Influence of the glutathione S-transferase-mu 1 (GSTM1) copy number variation on the results of prenatal exposure to both PM2.5 and ETS.
| GSTM1 present | GSTM1 null | GSTM1 present | GSTM1 null | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LRTIs | LRTIs | URTIs | URTIs | |||||||||
| No (n=112) | Yes (n=17) | No (n=137) | Yes (n=32) | No (n=36) | Yes (n=87) | No (n=37) | Yes (n=150) | |||||
| n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | |
| PM2.5 (Low) | 29 | 2 | 1.00 | 34 | 3 | 1.00 | 6 | 26 | 1.00 | 10 | 27 | 1.00 |
| ETS (No) | ||||||||||||
| PM2.5 (Low) | 37 | 7 | 1.68 | 45 | 12 | 4.52 | 11 | 33 | 0.51 | 12 | 48 | 2.02 |
| ETS (Yes) | (0.24, 11.79) | (0.87, 23.60) | (0.14, 1.83) | (0.68, 6.01) | ||||||||
| PM2.5 (High) | 13 | 2 | 2.26 | 28 | 4 | 1.65 | 4 | 12 | 0.69 | 9 | 25 | 1.17 |
| ETS (No) | (0.26, 19.36) | (0.24, 11.29) | (0.13, 3.76) | (0.38, 3.57) | ||||||||
| PM2.5 (High) | 33 | 6 | 3.75 | 30 | 13 | 8.18 | 9 | 32 | 0.57 | 11 | 33 | 1.86 |
| ETS (Yes) | (0.52, 27.10) | (1.53, 43.72) | (0.14, 2.35) | (0.60, 5.75) | ||||||||
*Odds ratios were adjusted for maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal educational state, infant sex, gestational age, delivery mode, and family history of allergy.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; PM2.5, fine particulate matter; GSTM1, glutathione S-transferase-mu 1; LRTIs, lower respiratory tract infections; URTIs, upper respiratory tract infections.