Table 4. Influence of the glutathione S-transferase-pi 1 (GSTP1) (rs1695) polymorphism on the results of prenatal exposure to both PM2.5 and ETS.
| GSTP1 AA | GSTP1 AG+GG | GSTP1 AA | GSTP1 AG+GG | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LRTIs | LRTIs | URTIs | URTIs | |||||||||
| No (n=159) | Yes (n=29) | No (n=91) | Yes (n=20) | No (n=45) | Yes (n=151) | No (n=27) | Yes (n=86) | |||||
| n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | n | n | aOR* (95% CI) | |
| PM2.5 (Low) | 38 | 3 | 1.00 | 25 | 2 | 1.00 | 9 | 33 | 1.00 | 7 | 20 | 1.00 |
| ETS (No) | ||||||||||||
| PM2.5 (Low) | 59 | 12 | 3.57 | 24 | 7 | 4.04 | 15 | 58 | 1.14 | 9 | 23 | 1.18 |
| ETS (Yes) | (0.66, 19.17) | (0.62, 26.30) | (0.41, 3.15) | (0.29, 4.71) | ||||||||
| PM2.5 (High) | 26 | 3 | 2.82 | 14 | 3 | 1.70 | 9 | 23 | 0.75 | 3 | 14 | 1.43 |
| ETS (No) | (0.40, 19.77) | (0.19, 15.01) | (0.24, 2.34) | (0.28, 7.30) | ||||||||
| PM2.5 (High) | 36 | 11 | 6.32 | 28 | 8 | 7.37 | 12 | 37 | 0.83 | 8 | 29 | 1.80 |
| ETS (Yes) | (1.18, 33.94) | (1.12, 48.66) | (0.28, 2.43) | (0.41, 7.97) | ||||||||
*Odds ratios were adjusted for maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal educational state, infant sex, gestational age, delivery mode, and family history of allergy.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; PM2.5, fine particulate matter; GSTP1, glutathione S-transferase-pi 1, LRTIs, lower respiratory tract infections; URTIs, upper respiratory tract infections.