Table 1.
Bacteria | Subject of study | Evidence | Ref. |
Helicobacter hepaticus | Animal | Augments azoxymethane induced, and spontaneous colorectal cancer in mice | [64-69] |
H. hepaticus + H.bilis | Animal | Dual infection induces colorectal cancer in mice | [70,71] |
H. typhlonius + H. rodentium | Animal | Dual infection in neonates induces colorectal cancer in mice | [72,73] |
Streptococcus bovis | Human | S.bovis bacteremia and endocarditis associated with human colorectal cancer | [74-77] |
Animal | Augments azoxymethane induced colorectal cancer in rats | [78] | |
Human | Increased humoral immune response to S.bovis antigenRpL7/L12, sassociated with increased risk for colorectal cancer | [79] | |
Bacteroides fragilis | Animal | Enterotoxigenic B.fragilis augments spontaneous colorectal cancer in mice | [26] |
Human | Increased prevalence of enterotoxigenic B.fragilis in human colorectal cancer | [80] | |
Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis | [81] | |
Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis | [43] | |
B. vulgatus | Animal | Induces azoxymethane induced, colorectal cancer in mice | [82] |
Escherichia coli | Human | Increased mucosa-associated Escherichia coli in human colorectal cancer | [83] |
Citrobacter rodentium and C. freundii | Animal | Etiologic agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia | [84] |
Animal | Augments spontaneous and 1,2 dimethylhydrazine induced colorectal cancer in mice | [85,86] | |
Fusobacterium nucleatum | Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis | [87] |
Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA Gene V3 pyrosequencing analysis | [88] | |
Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis | [89] | |
Animal | 16S ribosomal RNA Gene V3 pyrosequencing analysis | [90] | |
Enterococcus faecalis | Human | Increased in the feces of colorectal cancer patients by quantative PCR analysis | [91] |
Furmicutes | Animal | 16S ribosomal RNA Gene V3 pyrosequencing analysis | [90] |
Akkermansia muciniphila | Human | 16S ribosomal RNA Gene V4 pyrosequencing analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry | [92] |
Methanobrevibacterium | Human | Increased prevalence in tumor vs normal colonic tissue by quantative PCR analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA Gene V3 pyrosequencing analysis in fecal samples | [89] |
PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; RNA: Ribonucleic acid; H. Hepaticıus: Helicobacter hepaticus; H. bilis: Helicobacter bilis; H. typhlonius: Helicobacter typhlonius; H. Rodentium: Helicobacter rodentium; B. vulgatus: Bacteroides vulgatus; C. freundii: Citrobacter freundii.