Figure 1.

Ferulic acid modulates cytokine secretion in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells. On day 6 of culture, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were collected and treated with RPMI medium 1640, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) alone, or LPS plus various concentrations of FA (20, 100, and 400 μM) for 24 h. Culture supernatants were collected, and cytokine profiles of DCs were measured by an ELISA. Results from three independent experiments are shown, and results are expressed as the mean ± SEM. ^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus LPS-treated DCs.