Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2015 Oct;28(5):598–604. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000222

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Cell death as a function of treatment after 24 hours exposure to ropivacaine alone (RPV) and clonidine(C)-buprenorphine(B)-dexamethasone(D)-midazolam(MDZ) adjuvant combinations.

Panel A shows all RPV-M combinations. Panel B shows the cytotoxicity outcomes in clinical concentrations with and without RPV 2.5mg/mL.

Source: Figure 3A, Williams, BA, Hough, KA, Tsui BY et al. Neurotoxicity of Adjuvants Used in Perineural Anesthesia and Analgesia in Comparison with Ropivacaine. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 May–Jun;36(3):225–230