Figure 3. A complex interplay of RasGAPs is involved in associative learning and short-term memory.
(A) gap-1 mutation leads to a defect in learning (n = 23, p = 6.18 × 10−3) without short-term memory being affected. (B–D,F) Strong defect in short-term memory was observable for the (B) gap-2 (n = 33, p = 1.34 × 10−2), (C) gap-3 (n = 23, p = 2.75 × 10−7), (D) gap-1 gap-2 (n = 15, p = 3.14 × 10−12) and (F) gap-2;gap-3 (n = 21, p = 3.45 × 10−7) mutant animals without significant defect in learning. (E) The gap-1;gap-3 double mutant could not be assessed due to its chemosensory defect (n = 24, p = 8.02 × 10−13). N: naïve, C: conditioned, R: recovered animals (see Materials and Methods for details). Error bars indicate SD and asterisks indicate significant differences (**P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).