Table 2.
Overview of lowest particle concentrations at which a significant effect in the exposures for 24 h was noted. Effects up to a concentration of 100 µg ml−1 as upper limit for realistic levels are listed
| Particles | Viability | Membrane damage | Apoptosis | Oxidative stress | Lysosome damage | Ca2+ levels | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MTS EAhy926 (SH-SY5Y) | LDH | PI | Caspase | YoPro | DHE | Lyso-ID | Fura-2 | |
| CPS20 | (100) | 100 | 100 | 50 | 75 | |||
| PPS20 | 25 (75) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 100 | 10 | 50 |
| AMI20 | 25 (50) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 100 | 25 | |
| APS200 | 40 | |||||||
| Aero200 | 50 (50) | 50 | 50 | 25 | 500 | |||
| OX50 | (100) | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 125 | ||
DHE, dihydroethidium; LDH, lactic dehydrogenase; PI, propidium iodide.