Table 3.

Validity of COPE community health workers assessment against clinical diagnosis as external reference criterion

	Prevalence according to COPE assessment and clinician		Agreement between COPE assessment and clinician (CHW first)				Indicators of agreement		Validity coefficients
Impairments	CHW/ COPE	Clinician judgment	+/+	+/−	−/+	−/−	% Overall agreement	Kappa value (SE)	Sensitivity % (95 % CI)	Specificity % (95 % CI)	Positive predictive value %	Negative predictive value %
Nutrition	82 (53.9 %)	98 (65.3 %)	64	18	34	34	65.3 %	0.28	65.3 %	65.4 %	78.0 %	50.0 %
		MV = 2						(0.07)	(55.0–74.6 %)	(50.9–78.0 %)	(67.5–86.4 %)	(37.6–62.4 %)
Mobility	124 (81.6 %)	137 (91.3 %)	113	8	24	5	91.3 %	0.14	83.2 %	38.5 %	93.4 %	17.9 %
		MV = 2						(0.07)	(75.8–89.0 %)	(13.8–68.4 %)	(87.5–97.1 %)	(6.1–36.8 %)
Vision	66 (45.8 %)	148 (98.7 %)	64	1	76	1	45.8 %	−0.02	45.7 %	50.0 %	98.5 %	1.3 %
	MV = 8	MV = 2						(0.02)	(33.2–50.8 %)	(1.3–98.7 %)	(90.3–99.9 %)	(0.03–7.1 %)
Hearing	104 (68.4 %)	99 (66.0 %)	77	26	15	24	71.1 %	0.33	83.7 %	48.0 %	74.7 %	61.5 %
	MV = 8	MV = 2						(0.08)	(74.5–90.6 %)	(33.6–62.6 %)	(65.2–82.8 %)	(44.6–76.6 %)
Continence	34 (22.4 %)	53 (34.9 %)	25	8	29	88	75.2 %	0.41	47.2 %	90.7 %	73.5 %	75.9 %
	MV = 1	MV = 2						(0.08)	(33.9–60.5 %)	(84.9–96.5 %)	(58.4–68.6 %)	(68.1–83.7 %)
Cognition	58 (38.2 %)	116 (78.4 %)	49	7	67	25	50.0 %	0.12	42.2 %	78.1 %	87.5 %	27.2 %
		MV = 4						(0.05)	(33.1–51.7 %)	(60.0–90.7 %)	(75.9–94.8 %)	(18.4–37.4 %)
Mood	91 (59.9 %)	123 (82.0 %)	81	10	42	17	65.3 %	0.20	65.9 %	63.0 %	89.0 %	28.8 %
		MV = 2						(0.07)	(57.4–75.5 %)	(42.4–80.6 %)	(79.4–94.2 %)	(19.5–45.5 %)
Behaviour	73 (48.0 %)	84 (56.0 %)	52	20	32	46	65.3 %	0.31	61.9 %	69.7 %	72.2 %	59.0 %
								(0.08)	(66.9–85.8 %)	(47.8–72.4 %)	(61.0–80.4 %)	(54.3–79.4 %)