. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 15.

Published in final edited form as: J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2012 Sep 12;21(4):349–366. doi: 10.1080/1067828X.2012.710028

Table 2.

Multinomial logistic regression of the violent behavior typology among high school students, United States, 2003, 2005, and 2007, YRBS.

Demographic Characteristics and Substance Use²	Contrast of Violence Categories¹
	1 vs. 4		2 vs. 4		3 vs. 4		1 vs. 2		3 vs. 1		3 vs. 2
	OR	CI³	OR	CI³	OR	CI³	OR	CI³	OR	CI³	OR	CI³
Demographic Characteristics
Gender (female)
Male	2.59^*	2.32–2.90	0.53^*	0.43–0.66	1.07	0.83–1.37	4.86^*	3.77–6.26	0.41^*	0.32–0.53	2.00^*	1.44–2.78
Race/ethnicity (White)
American Indian	1.55^*	1.02–2.35	2.17	0.93–5.08	2.94^*	1.56–5.57	0.71	0.30–1.72	1.90	0.90–4.01	1.36	0.46–4.04
Asian	1.01	0.70–1.47	1.59	0.80–3.17	1.83	0.81–4.12	0.64	0.33–1.23	1.80	0.76–4.29	1.15	0.38–3.45
Black	2.13^*	1.77–2.55	1.18	0.78–1.80	1.98^*	1.32–2.98	1.80^*	1.17–2.77	0.93	0.59–1.46	1.68	0.95–2.96
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	1.66	0.94–2.96	2.45	0.80–7.52	2.05	0.59–7.16	0.68	0.21–2.20	1.23	0.34–4.47	0.84	0.19–3.76
Hispanic	1.48^*	1.24–1.76	1.22	0.93–1.61	1.50^*	1.04–2.15	1.21	0.91–1.60	1.01	0.72–1.43	1.22	0.80–1.87
Other	1.64^*	1.20–2.24	1.42	0.75–2.69	2.90^*	1.75–4.82	1.16	0.60–2.23	1.77^*	1.06–2.97	2.05	0.94–4.47
Age (<=14)
15	0.98	0.81–1.18	0.95	0.66–1.35	0.77	0.51–1.14	1.03	0.68–1.57	0.78	0.53–1.16	0.81	0.46–1.43
16	0.82	0.67–1.00	0.93	0.70–1.23	0.76	0.49–1.20	0.88	0.62–1.26	0.93	0.59–1.47	0.82	0.50–1.36
17	0.61^*	0.50–0.75	0.69^*	0.49–0.98	0.33^*	0.21–0.51	0.89	0.60–1.32	0.53^*	0.34–0.85	0.48^*	0.27–0.84
18	0.46^*	0.37–0.59	0.60^*	0.42–0.87	0.29^*	0.18–0.49	0.77	0.49–1.20	0.63	0.36–1.11	0.49^*	0.27–0.88
Depression	1.56^*	1.39–1.76	7.76^*	6.09–9.88	9.49^*	6.90–13.06	0.20^*	0.16–0.26	6.07^*	4.55–8.10	1.22	0.86–1.74
Substance Used in Past Month
Alcohol (Nondrinker)
Drinker, didn't binge	1.76^*	1.48–2.09	1.40^*	1.09–1.81	2.13^*	1.45–3.14	1.25	0.96–1.64	1.21	0.80–1.83	1.52	0.97–2.39
Binge drinking 1–2 times	1.83^*	1.51–2.21	1.48^*	1.09–2.01	2.33^*	1.51–3.59	1.24	0.89–1.73	1.27	0.80–2.02	1.57	0.98–2.51
Binge drinking 3–9 times	2.70^*	2.12–3.43	1.52^*	1.00–2.31	2.47^*	1.45–4.21	1.77^*	1.13–2.79	0.92	0.53–1.59	1.63	0.90–2.95
Binge drinking 10+ times	4.53^*	3.18–6.47	1.30	0.60–2.81	4.76^*	2.37–9.55	3.48^*	1.59–7.65	1.05	0.52–2.12	3.65^*	1.61–8.31
Cigarettes	1.49^*	1.32–1.69	1.51^*	1.16–1.96	2.10^*	1.58–2.80	0.99	0.74–1.32	1.41^*	1.06–1.87	1.39	0.95–2.04
Marijuana	1.59^*	1.41–1.79	1.20	0.94–1.52	1.54^*	1.11–2.14	1.33^*	1.02–1.72	0.97	0.70–1.34	1.28	0.87–1.89
Cocaine	1.13	0.88–1.44	0.96	0.63–1.47	1.85^*	1.14–3.00	1.17	0.75–1.82	1.64^*	1.01–2.67	1.92^*	1.17–3.15
Substance Used in Lifetime
Heroin	1.30	0.91–1.85	1.48	0.90–2.43	2.82^*	1.70–4.67	0.88	0.54–1.43	2.17^*	1.39–3.39	1.91^*	1.06–3.42
Methamphetamines	1.47^*	1.20–1.79	1.45^*	1.04–2.03	2.72^*	1.88–3.92	1.01	0.72–1.41	1.85^*	1.28–2.67	1.87^*	1.17–2.99
Steroids	1.53^*	1.17–2.00	2.02^*	1.43–2.84	2.67^*	1.91–3.75	0.76	0.50–1.15	1.75^*	1.23–2.50	1.33	0.87–2.03

p<.0017 (i.e., .01/6) for race/ethnicity subcategories, p<.0025 (i.e., .01/4) for age and alcohol subcategories, and p<.01 for all other categories.

1=Other-directed only; 2=Self-directed only; 3=Both other- and self-directed; and 4=No violence.

Reference group in parentheses.

99.83% CI for race/ethnicity subcategories, 99.75% CI for age and alcohol subcategories, and 99% CI for all other categories