Figure 4. Il34 gene transfer prolongs allograft survival alone and in combination with a suboptimal dose of rapamycin.

(A) Recipients given i.v. 10¹² vg/rat AAV–IL-34 or noncoding AAV or no treatment were grafted 30 days later with no additional treatment or in combination with a suboptimal dose of rapamycin (10 days, starting on day 0). Graft survival was evaluated by palpation through the abdominal wall. Log-rank test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. (B) Representative image of the anatomopathological analysis of graft from AAV–IL-34 plus rapamycin–treated, day-120 long-term surviving recipients. Original magnification, ×100. (C) IgG alloantibody production was evaluated in naive and treated long-term recipients more than 120 days after transplantation. Graph represents MFI ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post test, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 for noncoding AAV–IL-34 versus noncoding AAV.