Table 4.
Systematic offering of family presence compared to usual care for families of pediatric patients undergoing resuscitation
| Outcomes | No. of participants (studies) follow-up | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Relative effect (95 % CI) | Anticipated absolute effectsa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk with usual care | Risk difference with systematic offering of family presence | ||||
| Mortality prior to 28 days or discharge | 705 (1 RCT) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Lowbc | OR 0.30 (0.11 to 0.79) | Study population | |
| 57 per 1000 | 39 fewer per 1000 (50 fewer to 11 fewer) | ||||
| Duration of resuscitation | 705 (1 RCT) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Lowbc | - | The mean duration of resuscitation in the control group was 15 min | Median 0 higher (1 lower to 1 higher) |
| Time to key intervention assessed with: CT scan (trauma arrest) or first shock (cardiac arrest) | 705 (1 RCT) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Lowbc | - | The mean time to key intervention in the control group was 21 min | Median 0 higher (2 lower to 2 higher) |
CI confidence interval, RCT randomized controlled trial, RR risk ratio, OR odds ratio, CT computed tomography
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence
High quality: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect
Moderate quality: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different
Low quality: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect
Very low quality: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect
aThe risk in the intervention group (and its 95 % confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95 % CI)
bStudy randomization on basis of even/odd days rather than on an individual basis
cStudy included only pediatric patients undergoing trauma resuscitation; no children with primarily cardiac arrest were included