Table 1.

Internet Addiction Test item correspondence with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, gaming and gambling disorders criteria.

Internet gaming disorder: proposed DSM-5 criteria	Gambling disorder: DSM-5 criteria
Preoccupation with Internet games (11, 15)a	Preoccupation with gambling (11, 15)
Withdrawal symptoms when Internet gaming is taken away (20)	Withdrawal (restless or irritable when attempt to cut down or stop gambling) (20)
Tolerance (the need to spend increasing amounts of time engaged in Internet games)b	Tolerance (needs to gamble with an increasing amount of money)b
Unsuccessful attempts to reduce or stop Internet game participation (1, 16, 17)	Unsuccessful attempts to reduce or stop gambling (1, 16, 17)
Loss of interest in other activities (3, 7, 19)	N/Ac
Continues excessive use of Internet games despite problems (2, 6, 8, 14)	N/A
Deceives others regarding the amount of Internet gaming (5, 9, 13, 18)	Lies to conceal the importance of gambling involvement (9, 18)
Use of Internet games to escape from adverse moods (10)	Escape (often gambles when feeling distressed) (10)
Has jeopardized or lost relationships or opportunities due to excessive Internet gaming (8)	Has jeopardized or lost relationships or opportunities due to excessive gambling (8)
N/A	Relies on others to provide money to relieve the financial situations caused by gamblingb
N/A	After losing money gambling, often returns to get even (“chasing” one’s losses)b
Number of criteria: 5 or more	Number of criteria: 4 or more
Time criteria: 12 months or more	Time criteria: 12 months or more
Exclusion criteria: Internet use not related to online games is not “analogous to Internet gaming disorder”	Exclusion criteria: The behavior is better explained by a manic episode

^aThe suggested IAT items from Textbox 1 for each criteria are shown in parentheses.

^bNot associated with an IAT item.

^cNot applicable (N/A).