Table 3. Definitions of pacemaker (PM) dependency in selected studies.

Study (First author, year)	Definition of PM dependency
Feldman, 1992	Turn-down to 50 bpm with continued paced rhythm, or no intrinsic rhythm during generator change
Glikson, 1997	Paced rhythm with PM set below 50 bpm OR AV delay ≥220 ms in intrinsic rhythm
Onalan, 2008	Turn down to 30 bpm in VVI mode–no intrinsic activity
Huynh, 2009	Turn down to 30 bpm for 30s – absence of escape rhythm >30 bpm
Merin, 2009	Turn down to 40 bpm for 40s – continued paced rhythm at 40 bpm
Raza, 2011	Turn down to 40 bpm for 30s – 100% paced
Baraki, 2013	6 month PM Interrogation—absence of spontaneous cardiac conduction
Rene, 2013	Turn down to 30 bpm for 10s in VVI mode–continued pacing at 30 bpm

Abbreviations: PM—Pacemaker, bpm–beats per minute, VVI—Ventricle paced, ventricle sensed; pacing inhibited if beat sensed, s- seconds, ms—milliseconds