Table 1.
Description of Africans in America: By gender, race, and age at arrival in the United States, 2000–2011
| Gender | Males | Females | Males | Females | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race | All | All | Black/Other | White/Asian | Black/Other | White/Asian | ||||
| Age at U.S. Arrival | ≥18 | <18 | ≥18 | <18 | ≥18 | <18 | ≥18 | <18 | ||
| Sample Size | 38,546 | 33,291 | 23,229 | 2,505 | 9,881 | 2,931 | 19,963 | 2,662 | 7,865 | 2,801 |
| A. Country of Birth | ||||||||||
| South Africa/Zimbabwe | 6.7 | 8.1 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 19.8 | 16.7 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 24.1 | 19.7 |
| Nigeria | 14.5 | 13.2 | 20.0 | 18.8 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 18.5 | 13.6 | 0.9 | 2.4 |
| East Africa | 9.1 | 10.8 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 7.7 | 12.8 | 12.7 |
| Ghana | 8.3 | 7.6 | 11.6 | 10.1 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
| Senegal/Cameroon | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| Liberia | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 6.0 | 8.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
| Egypt | 10.1 | 8.4 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 35.1 | 23.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 31.0 | 20.4 |
| Ethiopia/Eritrea | 10.5 | 12.0 | 14.2 | 13.4 | 0.9 | 4.2 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 1.4 | 2.8 |
| Cape Verde | 1.6 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 5.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 8.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| Algeria/Morocco | 6.6 | 5.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 21.2 | 14.3 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 17.9 | 14.5 |
| Sudan/Somalia | 6.4 | 6.5 | 8.7 | 7.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| Other African countries | 19.9 | 18.2 | 23.1 | 22.6 | 9.6 | 21.5 | 19.9 | 22.9 | 9.4 | 23.1 |
| B. Race | ||||||||||
| % Black | 69.0 | 69.4 | 97.2 | 94.3 | 97.1 | 92.1 | ||||
| % White | 25.5 | 24.0 | 88.0 | 88.9 | 84.6 | 88.0 | ||||
| % Asian | 3.4 | 4.1 | 12.0 | 11.1 | 15.4 | 12.0 | ||||
| % Other | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 5.7 | 2.9 | 7.9 | ||||
| C. Work and Earnings | ||||||||||
| % Work for income | 90.8 | 74.7 | 90.6 | 88.8 | 91.7 | 91.9 | 76.6 | 83.6 | 64.0 | 77.9 |
| % Self employed | 12.1 | 5.8 | 10.1 | 8.4 | 18.1 | 15.9 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 8.4 | 11.4 |
| Hourly earnings | 26.02 [0.26] |
22.09 [0.37] |
22.13 [0.31] |
23.66 [1.06] |
34.44 [0.54] |
37.48 [1.06] |
19.69 [0.35] |
23.53 [1.01] |
26.63 [1.27] |
30.06 [1.94] |
| ln(hourly earnings) | 2.91 [0.01] |
2.77 [0.01] |
2.79 [0.01] |
2.86 [0.02] |
3.14 [0.01] |
3.26 [0.02] |
2.69 [0.01] |
2.84 [0.02] |
2.88 [0.02] |
3.02 [0.03] |
| ln(hourly earnings) if self-employed | 2.90 | 2.70 | 2.70 | 2.64 | 3.15 | 3.29 | 2.55 | 2.74 | 2.99 | 2.95 |
| ln(hourly earnings) if wage sector | 2.91 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.88 | 3.14 | 3.25 | 2.70 | 2.84 | 2.87 | 3.04 |
| D. Human Capital | ||||||||||
| Education (years) | 13.53 [0.03] |
12.3 [0.04] |
13.2 [0.04] |
13.6 [0.11] |
14.3 [0.06] |
14.3 [0.09] |
11.6 [0.05] |
13.3 [0.11] |
13.4 [0.07] |
14.1 [0.12] |
| % Completed college | 75.2 | 64.7 | 72.3 | 76.2 | 81.0 | 82.1 | 58.4 | 74.1 | 73.6 | 82.1 |
| % Some education in U.S. | 22.9 | 23.8 | 13.6 | 84.1 | 12.0 | 91.5 | 11.7 | 82.9 | 11.7 | 91.9 |
| % Only English spoken at home | 24.9 | 24.0 | 19.1 | 38.4 | 27.3 | 61.4 | 17.4 | 34.1 | 26.4 | 62.1 |
| % Speak English very well/not at home | 49.9 | 45.6 | 52.4 | 48.4 | 47.8 | 33.0 | 47.1 | 51.6 | 43.3 | 31.8 |
| % Speak English well/not at home | 19.3 | 18.9 | 21.5 | 11.2 | 19.5 | 4.1 | 21.7 | 10.2 | 19.0 | 5.1 |
| E. Years in U.S. | 14.3 | 13.9 | 11.7 | 22.3 | 14.0 | 33.0 | 10.4 | 22.3 | 14.0 | 33.4 |
| F. Citizenship | ||||||||||
| % U.S. citizen (American parents) | 3.5 | 4.3 | 0.8 | 8.5 | 1.7 | 32.2 | 1.0 | 7.4 | 2.4 | 35.2 |
| % U.S. citizen (naturalized) | 43.3 | 42.2 | 39.2 | 51.6 | 49.3 | 54.7 | 36.1 | 58.4 | 49.8 | 53.8 |
Note: Standard errors are shown in brackets.
Source: 2000–2011 American Community Survey public-use microdata samples (sample sizes are not weighted; all estimates are weighted).