Table 2.
Association Between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serostatus and Formation of New Focal Carotid Artery Plaque, Overall and by Cohort
| Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) |
Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) |
Combined |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Risk Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Risk Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Among all eligible participants (N events / total) | 86 / 778 | 120 / 535 | 206 / 1313 | |||
| Model 1: HIV infection only | 1.59 (.92, 2.73) | .096 | 1.71 (1.11, 2.64) | .015 | 1.66 (1.18, 2.34) | .003 |
| Model 2: Model 1 + adjusted for demographic characteristicsa | 1.51 (.87, 2.63) | .141 | 1.74 (1.11, 2.73) | .016 | 1.73 (1.23, 2.45) | .002 |
| Model 3: Model 2 + adjusted for behavioral characteristics and HCV infectionb | 1.67 (.95, 2.93) | .074 | 1.80 (1.14, 2.84) | .012 | 1.78 (1.25, 2.53) | .001 |
| Model 4: Model 3 + adjusted for cardiometabolic risk factorsc | 1.53 (.85, 2.76) | .155 | 1.65 (1.03, 2.66) | .038 | 1.61 (1.12, 2.32) | .010 |
| Among eligible participants without preexisting focal plaque at baseline (N events / total) | 75 / 719 | 84 / 404 | 159 / 1123 | |||
| Model 1: HIV infection only | 1.90 (1.02, 3.52) | .042 | 1.64 (.98, 2.74) | .057 | 1.74 (1.18, 2.58) | .006 |
| Model 2: Model 1 + adjusted for demographic characteristicsa | 1.86 (1.00, 3.49) | .052 | 1.62 (.96, 2.74) | .073 | 1.79 (1.21, 2.67) | .004 |
| Model 3: Model 2 + adjusted for behavioral characteristics and HCV infectionb | 2.03 (1.07, 3.84) | .030 | 1.60 (.93, 2.73) | .088 | 1.84 (1.23, 2.76) | .003 |
| Model 4: Model 3 + adjusted for cardiometabolic risk factorsc | 1.59 (.81, 3.11) | .179 | 1.52 (.86, 2.66) | .147 | 1.59 (1.04, 2.43) | .032 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus infection; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
a Demographic characteristics: age, race/ethnicity, education, income, study site.
b Behavioral characteristics: history of injection drug use, crack/cocaine use, current smoking, current alcohol use, history of HCV.
c Cardiometabolic risk factors: body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total and HDL cholesterol, use of anti-hypertension or anti-cholesterol medications, history of diabetes.