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. 2015 Oct 16;6:529. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00529

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Copyright © 2015 Senhaji, Kojok, Darif, Fadainia and Zaid.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CD40/CD40L in IBD. CD40/CD40L axis contributes to the activation of various pathways related to inflammation in immune and non-immune cells, hence promoting IBD. In the early stages of mucosal inflammation, local T cells become activated and express CD40L, binding to and activating CD40⁺ DC. Therefore, CD40⁺ DC enhances cytokine secretion, such as IL-12, and up-regulation of co-stimulatory activity including CD40, CD40L, and MHC-II activity promoting more T cells that transmigrate into the interstitial space become activated with expressed CD40L. Activated T cells in the circulation of patients with IBD contribute to this process through expression of CD40L on their surface.