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Macrophage caspase-3 activity under the influence of Y. pestis strains 1390, 1853, 2944, 8787, and EV. In vitro cytotoxicity of Y. pestis strains and the vaccine strain EV was evaluated based on their ability to induce apoptosis in macrophage cultures. Data represent the mean + SEM. *Indicates significant differences (p < 0.05).
