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. 2015 Nov 13;373(2054):20140414. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0414

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© 2015 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 1. — (a) Global mean net cloud feedbacks in CFMIP amip/amip4K experiments and convoffamip/convoffamip4K experiments without parametrized convection. This is diagnosed as the change in the global mean net cloud radiative effect (CRE) between the amip and amip4K experiments, normalized by the global mean near-surface temperature response and includes the effects of climatological cloud masking on the non-cloud feedbacks. Black lines denote the ranges in the values and the diagonal line indicates the one-to-one line. The lengths of the vertical coloured lines indicate the differences between standard and ConvOff values for the individual models. The linear correlation coefficient r is also shown. Panel (b) shows the same but with the ConvOff feedbacks rescaled by the factor required to bring the global mean net CRE in the convoffamip experiment into agreement with the standard amip experiment. Panel (c) shows the result of scaling all feedbacks by the factors required to bring their control experiments into agreement with an observed value of the net CRE (−17.1 W m⁻²).