Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients With or Without Subsequent MI, Stroke, or CV Death
| Candidate Predictor Variables | Derivation Cohort (n=912) | Validation Cohort (n=2876) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case n=202 (22%) | Non-Case n=710 (78%) | Case n=304 (11%) | Non-Case n=2572 (89%) | |
| Age, y* | 70±12 | 66±11 | 67±9 | 64±8 |
| Male | 178 (88%) | 572 (81%) | 250 (82%) | 2097 (82%) |
| BMI, kg/m2* | 28.2±5.4 | 28.5±5.4 | 28.6±4.8 | 28.6±4.7 |
| Current smoking | 42 (21%) | 137 (19%) | 62 (20%) | 355 (14%) |
| Diabetes | 78 (39%) | 212 (30%) | 77 (25%) | 427 (17%) |
| Hypertension | 168 (83%) | 538 (76%) | 200 (56%) | 1101 (44%) |
| History of myocardial infarction | 123 (61%) | 367 (52%) | 184 (61%) | 1431 (56%) |
| History of congestive heart failure† | 51 (25%) | 108 (15%) | — | — |
| Medication nonadherence | 20 (10%) | 52 (7%) | — | — |
| Physical inactivity | 90 (45%) | 241 (34%) | — | — |
| High-sensitivity troponin T, pg/mL‡ | 16.5 (9.6 to 26.0) | 8.6 (5.3 to 14.0) | 7.6 (4.9 to 12.0) | 6.1 (4.9 to 9.3) |
| LVEF <50% | 40 (20%) | 68 (10%) | 52 (17%) | 375 (15%) |
| LDL-C, mg/dL* | 103±34 | 105±34 | — | — |
| HDL-C, mg/dL* | 43±14 | 46±14 | — | — |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L‡ | 2.7 (1.4 to 6.3) | 2.0 (0.8 to 4.5) | 2.1 (1.1 to 4.4) | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.4) |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL‡ | 400 (147 to 1087) | 141 (64 to 324) | 221 (109 to 419) | 131 (69 to 261) |
| BNP, pg/mL‡,§ | 275 (107 to 887) | 123 (50 to 296) | 65 (33 to 115) | 52 (25 to 101) |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2* | 62±23 | 74±20 | 74±19 | 78±19 |
| Urine albumin:creatinine ratio, mg/g‡ | 14.0 (7.8 to 56.3) | 7.9 (4.7 to 14.6) | 13.0 (6.3 to 35.8) | 8.3 (5.2 to 17.6) |
BMI indicates body mass index; CV, cardiovascular; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-type brain natriuretic peptide.
*
Mean±standard deviation.
†
History of congestive heart failure was an exclusion criterion in the validation cohort.
‡
Median (interquartile range).
§
BNP was not among the 18 candidate predictors; in a sensitivity analysis, BNP replaced NT-proBNP.