Table 2.
Numbers of Macrophages and T Lymphocytes in Natalizumab-Treated Animals and Controls
| Immune Markers | Early | Late | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated (n=3) | NZ (n=6) | P Value | Fold Decrease | Untreated (n=6) | NZ (n=4) | P Value | Fold Decrease | |
| CD163 | 158.84 (±55.78) | 47.36 (±18.77) | * | 3.35 | 282.45 (±36.97) | 80.06 (±10.95) | ** | 3.53 |
| CD68 | 84.34 (±16.67) | 22.54 (±5.09) | * | 3.74 | 63.01 (±4.71) | 52.87 (±10.83) | * | 1.19 |
| MAC387 | 9.33 (±1.17) | 7.43 (±3.19) | ns | — | 18.25 (±2.11) | 15.91 (±7.46) | ns | — |
| CD3 | 8.05 (±2.13) | 5.13 (±3.02) | ns | — | 15.55 (±3.60) | 12.27 (±5.42) | ns | — |
| BrdU | 9.31 (±1.57) | 4.39 (±0.64) | ns | — | 21.19 (±5.85) | 16.42 (±3.19) | ns | — |
Numbers represent the mean number of positive cells (cells/mm2)±SEM, in parentheses. All animals were SIV-infected and CD8-lymphocyte depleted, with 10 of the animals receiving natalizumab. Twenty random, nonoverlapping, ×200 fields of view were counted for each animal and the average number of positive cells/mm2 calculated. P values were calculated by comparing the mean number of positive cells for the indicated groups using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney t test
P<0.05
P<0.01). Fold change was calculated for the numbers of cells where there was a significant difference between the indicated groups. Early natalizumab-treated animals began treatment at the time of infection, 0 days postinfection (dpi). Late natalizumab-treated animals began treatment 28 dpi. All treated animals were treated weekly for 3 weeks with a dose of 30 mg/kg of α-VLA-4. BrdU indicates bromodeoxyuridine; ns, no significance; NZ, natalizumab treated.