Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and demographics of healthy controls
| Characteristics | Patients (n = 58) |
|---|---|
| M/F | 0/58 |
| Mean age at diagnosis ± s.d. (range) | 32 ± 2·3 (14–64) |
| Mean age at inclusion ± s.d. (range) | 46·1 ± 13·1 (24–69) |
| Ethnic Danes (%) | 58 (100) |
| Hydroxychloroquine treatment n (%) | 45 (78) |
| Prednisolone treatment n (%) | 22 (38) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil n (%) | 6 (10) |
| Azathioprine n (%) | 10 (17) |
| No treatment n (%) | 6 (10) |
| ACR criteria | |
| Malar rash (ACR-1) n (%) | 27 (46·6) |
| Discoid rash (ACR-2) n (%) | 11(19·0) |
| Photosensitivity (ACR-3) n (%) | 28 (48·3) |
| Oronasal ulcers (ACR-4) n (%) | 13 (22·4) |
| Arthritis (ACR-5) n (%) | 46 (79·3) |
| Serositis (ACR-6) n (%) | 14 (24·1) |
| Nephritis (ACR-7) n (%) | 7 (12·1) |
| CNS (ACR-8) n (%) | 4 (6·89) |
| Haematological (ACR-9) n (%) | 33 (57·0) |
| Immunological (ACR-10) n (%) | 46 (79·3) |
| ANA (ACR-11) n (%) | 57 (98·3) |
| Present anti-ds-DNA level (*103 IU/l) ± s.d. | 33·3 ± 15·7 |
| Disease activity/organ damage | |
| SLEDAI mean ± s.d. | 6·48 ± 4·03 |
| SDI mean ± s.d. | 1·72 ± 1·56 |
| Characteristics healthy controls | |
| M/F | 0/65 |
| Mean age ± s.d. (range) | 44·03 ± 12·2 (21–64) |
ANA = anti-nuclear antibody; CNS = central nervous system; SDI = Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index; SLEDAI = SLE disease activity index; ACR = American College of Rheumatology; M/F = male/female; s.d. = standard deviation.