Skip to main content
. 2015 Jul 20;29(11):4555–4567. doi: 10.1096/fj.14-268235

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Vinculin is dispensable for lamellipodia formation and leading-edge protrusion of primary MEFs in 3D collagen. A) Projections of Bessel beam image stacks of live control and Vcl-KO MEFs expressing tdTomato–F-tractin, to label actin-based cell protrusions (insets). Note the presence of sheetlike, lamellipodial protrusions of similar size and morphology in control (arrow) and Vcl-KO MEFs (arrowhead). Scale bar, 10 μm. B) Kymographs placed along the direction of protrusion through lamellipodia of live control and Vcl-KO MEFs in 3D collagen I ECM, showing lamellipodium dynamics. Cell exterior: top, cell interior: bottom. SDC confocal time lapses, 5 s frame rate. D, distance; T, time. C) Kymograph-based quantification of lamellipodium protrusion velocity of control and Vcl-KO MEFs in 3D collagen I. n = 35 (control) and 26 (Vcl-KO) kymographs from 12 (control) and 9 (Vcl-KO) MEFs. Numbers indicate means; *P < 0.005, Student’s t test.