Table 2.

Meta-regression analysis results for primary outcome with procedure as covariance. A test of moderators was run by R software programming language to find significant differences between access-site complications and type of procedure. TR-PCI shows more compartment syndrome (p = 0.01) and less early radial occlusion artery (p = 0.06) in comparison to TR-CAG

Complication	Qm	df	P-value
Upper extremity dysfunction	1.0262	2	0.5986
Upper extremity ischaemia	0.7596	2	0.6840
Pain	0.4701	2	0.7905
Radial artery spasm	3.2052	2	0.2014
Severe radial artery spasm	1.6600	2	0.4360
Early radial artery occlusion	5.0693	2	0.0605
Late radial artery occlusion	0.9621	3	0.8104
Minor access-site bleeding	1.6248	2	0.4438
Major access-site bleeding	2.9380	2	0.2302
Minor access-site haematoma	3.4631	2	0.1770
Major access-site haematoma	4.1858	2	0.1233
Perforation	0.8900	2	0.6408
Dissection	0.2113	2	0.8997
Swelling	1.7717	2	0.4124
Compartment syndrome	8.4838	2	0.0144a
Pseudo-aneurysm	1.0197	2	0.6006
Arteriovenous fistula	0.0378	2	0.9813
Infection/Inflammation	0.0380	1	0.8454

TR-CAG transradial catheterisation, TR-PCI transradial percutaneous coronary intervention, Qm Q-model, a measure of model fit.

^aSignificant effect of type of procedures on access site complication.