Table 3.
Cognitive outcomes at baseline, 12, and 24 months, and change from baseline at 12 and 24 months
| Z-Score at visit: Median (IQR) |
Change from baseline: Median (IQR), p value1 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mFC | PRET | mFC | PRET | |
| Digit Span Forwards and Backwards2 | ||||
| Baseline | 0 (−0.3, 0.6) | 0.3 (−0.3, 0.8) | ||
| 12 months | 0.3 (−0.3, 1.3) | 1 (0, 1.7) | 0.3 (0, 0.7) p = 0.04 |
0.7 (0.3, 1) p < 0.01 |
| 24 months | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0.2, 1.3) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.7) p < 0.01 |
0.5 (0.2, 0.8) p < 0.01 |
| Stroop Color-Word Interference2 | ||||
| Baseline | −0.3 (−0.9, 0.3) | −0.9 (−1.7, 0.1) | ||
| 12 months | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.8) | −0.2 (−1.2, 0.4) | 0.3 (0, 0.6) p = 0.04 |
0.2 (−0.1, 0.8) p = 0.08 |
| 24 months | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.8) | −0.1 (−1.7, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.5) p = 0.03 |
0.2 (−0.1, 0.6) p = 0.048 |
| Brief Test of Attention2 | ||||
| Baseline | 0.1 (−0.7, 0.8) | 0.4 (−0.5, 0.7) | ||
| 12 months | 0.4 (−0.4, 1.2) | 0.4 (−0.4, 0.9) | 0.3 (−0.3, 1) p = 0.07 |
0 (−0.3, 0.5) p = 0.11 |
| 24 months | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.9) | 0.4 (0.1, 1.2) | 0.1 (−0.3, 0.8) p = 0.50 |
0.3 (0, 0.8) p = 0.048 |
IQR, Inter-Quartile Range; mFC, Modified Fitness Counts; PRET, Progressive Resistance Exercise Training
1
P values calculated using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test
2
Positive change score from baseline is indicative of improvement