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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2015 Jul 15;142:288–296. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.035

Table 6.

Comparison of studies of maternal exposure to OP pesticides and birth outcomes

Cohort Studies Populations Prenatal biomarkers of exposure to OP pesticides Outcomes Interaction with PON1
SAWASDEE (Agricultural worker cohort) The present study Farmworkers in Thailand (N=52) ΣDEAP and ΣDAP in urine ↓ head circumference Among mothers with low PON1 activity
ΣDEAP and ΣDAP in urine ↓ birth weight Among mothers with low PON1 activity
Columbia (urban Dominican and African American) Whyatt et al., 2004 New York (N=314) Chlorpyrifos in blood ↓ birth weight –
↓ birth length –
Mt. Sinai (urban NYC) Berkowitz et al. 2004 New York (N=404) TCPy in urine ↓ head circumference Among mothers with low PON1 activity
Wolff et al. 2007 New York (N=404) ΣDEAP in urine ↓ birth weight Among mothers with QQ PON1 phenotype
ΣDMAP in urine ↓ birth length Among mothers with low AREase activity
CHAMACOS (Latina Agricultural Cohort Eskenazi et al. 2004 Mexican-American in California (N=488) ΣDMAP in urine ↓ gestational age –
Harley et al. 2011 Mexican-American in California (N=470) ΣDMP and ΣDAP in urine ↓ head circumference Among newborns with QQ PON1 phenotype
HOME (suburban Cincinnati, OH) Rauch et al., 2012 Cincinnati, OH (N=306) ΣDAP in urine ↓ birth weight in black children Strongest relationship in QR PON1 phenotypes