Table IV.
The cognitive function of infants and children been affected by overt or subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy
|
Authors
|
Year of publication
|
Location
|
Type of the study
|
Participants
|
Result
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overt hypothyroidism | |||||
| Liu et al (52) | 1994 | China | All children showed normal IQs | ||
| Haddow et al (39) | 1999 | England | Prospective (cohort) | 25216 women | Adversely affect their children's subsequent performance on neuropsychological tests. |
| Pop et al (47) | 2003 | Netherlands | Prospective | 125 children of women with hypothyroxinaemia (63 cases and 62 controls) | Delay in infant neurodevelopment. |
| Kooistra et al (48) | 2006 | Netherlands | Retrospective (case control) | 204 (108 neonates who were born to mothers with hypothyroidism and 96 control) | Lower scores on the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale and orientation index |
| Li et al (50) | 2010 | China | Prospective (cohort) | 213 (18 isolated subclinical hypothyroidism, 19 hypothyroxinaemia, 34 euthyroid TPOAb positive and 142 controls) | Lower motor and intellectual development at 25-30 months. |
| Henrichs et al (49) | 2010 | Netherlands | Prospective (Population-based cohort) | 3659 children and their mothers | Higher risk of expressive language and nonverbal cognitive delay |
| Chevrier et al (53) | 2011 | USA | Prospective (cohort) | 287 pregnant women and their children | No adverse effect on child neurodevelopment. |
| Downing et al (54) | 2012 | USA | Case report | Three women with hypothyroidism | Children had average or above average results on all parameters. Comparative scores of the neuropsychological tests in sibling pairs for full-scale IQ and performance IQ were variable; some scores were higher and some lower in children with congenital hypothyroidism. |
| Momotani et al (55) |
2012 |
Japan |
Case report |
Five women with overt hypothyroidism |
The development scores (the Tsumori-Inage Infant's Developmental Test or the Wechsler Intelligence Scale) of all the children turned out to be either normal or advanced. |
|
Subclinical hypothyroidism
| |||||
| Li et al (50) | 2010 | China | Prospective (cohort) | 213 (18 isolated subclinical hypothyroidism, 19 hypothyroxinaemia , 34 euthyroid TPOAb positive and 142 controls) | Lower motor and intellectual development at 25-30 months. |
| Ghorbani Behrooz et al (51) | 2012 | Iran | Prospective (Historical cohort) | 62 children of mothers who had subclinical hypothyroidism | No adverse effect on IQ level and cognitive performance of children |