Table 1.
Demographic, clinical characteristics, and neurocognitive scores*
| Control participants (n = 88) | Breast cancer (n = 174) | C vs BC | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | No. (%) | No. (%) | P† | ||
| Age of participant at baseline, mean (SD), y | 61.82 (8.13) | 60.48 (7.16) | .17 | ||
| Race/ethnicity | .003‡ | ||||
| Anglo American | 70 (80.5) | 98 (58.0) | |||
| Hispanic/Latina | 7 (8.0) | 35 (20.7) | |||
| African American | 2 (2.3) | 12 (7.1) | |||
| Asian | 8 (9.2) | 24 (14.2) | |||
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 14.89 (1.48) | 13.96 (1.92) | <.001 | ||
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 27.71 (5.91) | 28.95 (6.56) | .14 | ||
| Charleston Comorbidity Index, mean (SD) | 0.63 (0.84) | 0.69 (0.97) | .63 | ||
| Number of comorbidity issues calculated based on Charleston Index | .71‡ | ||||
| No comorbidity | 45 (5.17) | 87 (52.7) | |||
| 1 comorbid condition | 33 (37.9) | 56 (33.9) | |||
| >1 comorbid condition | 9 (10.3) | 22 (13.2) | |||
| Cancer stage | |||||
| 0 | - | 27 (15.5) | - | ||
| I | - | 77 (44.3) | - | ||
| II | - | 54 (31.0) | - | ||
| III | - | 16 (9.2) | - | ||
| Estrogen hormone receptor status | |||||
| Positive | - | 135 (77.6) | - | ||
| Negative | - | 36 (19.5) | - | ||
| Data not available | - | 5 (2.9) | - | ||
| Progesterone hormone receptor status | |||||
| Positive | - | 118 (67.8) | - | ||
| Negative | - | 50 (28.7) | - | ||
| Data not available | - | 6 (3.4) | |||
| Cancer type | |||||
| Ductal carcinoma in situ | - | 28 (16.1) | - | ||
| Infiltrating ductal carcinoma without CIS | - | 127 (73.0) | - | ||
| Infiltrating lobular carcinoma without CIS | - | 14 (8.0) | - | ||
| Mixed infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma | - | 2 (1.1) | - | ||
| Other | - | 2 (1.1) | - | ||
| Self-reported fatigue, mean (SD)§ | 3.28 (1.79) | 3.53 (2.18) | .29 | ||
| Self-reported mood, mean (SD)|| | 46.38 (8.28) | 54.77 (11.26) | <.001 | ||
| Neurocognitive domains, mean (SD) | <1SD | <1SD | |||
| Executive functioning¶ | 11.23 (1.73) | 1.1% | 10.44 (2.5) | 8.4% | .02‡ |
| Processing speed# | 109.79 (12.89) | 1.1% | 104.35 (13.69) | 7.8% | .02‡ |
| Verbal memory|| | 51.88 (6.85) | 3.4% | 46.00 (11.09) | 28.0% | <.001‡ |
* <1SD = percentage of participants with scores below one standard deviation the normative mean based on published norms from the standardization sample; higher scores on cognitive tasks represent better functioning, while higher scores on fatigue and mood represent worse functioning; - indicates cells which are not plausible (ie, cancer variables for control participants, nontestable group differences). BC = breast cancer patients; C = controls; CIS = carcinoma in situ.
† Indicates two-sided t test probability.
‡ Indicates two-sided chi-square test probability.
§ Scores ranges from 0 to 10 (0 = not at all fatigued; 10 = as fatigued as I could be).
|| Scores reported in T-scores.
¶ Scores reported in scaled scores.
# Scores reported in standard scores.