Table 3.
Effect of women’s decision-making autonomy level on child’s enrollment, rural southern Mozambique 2009
| A. Total | B. Males | C. Females | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Model 1 B (SE) |
Model 2 B (SE) |
Model 1 B (SE) |
Model 2 B (SE) |
Model 1 B (SE) |
Model 2 B (SE) |
|
| Decision-making autonomy | n.a. | 0.40(0.19)* | n.a. | 0.21(0.27) | n.a. | 0.72(0.27)** |
| Women’s Characteristics | ||||||
| Age (omitted= 25 or less) | ||||||
| 26 to 30 | 0.47(0.37) | 0.45(0.37) | −0.23(0.65) | −0.24(0.65) | 0.91(0.51) | 0.85(0.52) |
| 31 or more | −0.06(0.37) | −0.14(0.37) | −0.77(0.64) | −0.81(0.64) | 0.24(0.5) | 0.11(0.51) |
| Education (omitted= no education) | ||||||
| 1 to 4 years | 0.65(0.20)** | 0.70(0.20)** | 0.62(0.29)* | 0.65(0.30) | 0.75(0.28)** | 0.83(0.28)** |
| 5 years or more | 1.27(0.29)*** | 1.30(0.29)*** | 0.89(0.40)* | 0.90(0.40)* | 1.96(0.47)*** | 2.06(0.48)*** |
| Work | −0.12(0.19) | −0.10(0.02) | −0.02(0.28) | −0.02(0.28) | −0.13(0.27) | −0.05(0.28) |
| Marriage’s Characteristics | ||||||
| Husband-wife age gap (omitted= less than 5 years) | ||||||
| 5 to 9 years | 0.51(0.24)* | 0.48(0.24)* | 0.30(0.33) | 0.28(0.33) | 0.75(0.34)* | 0.71(0.34)* |
| 10 to 14 years | −0.02(0.29) | −0.06(0.29) | 0.00(0.42) | −0.02(0.42) | 0.02(0.41) | −0.02(0.41) |
| 15 years or more | 0.34(0.38) | 0.33(0.38) | 0.16(0.50) | 0.15(0.50) | 0.78(0.59) | 0.79(0.58) |
| Does not know husband’s age | −0.07(0.42) | −0.02(0.42) | −0.04(0.56) | −0.02(0.56) | −0.31(0.63) | −0.20(0.63) |
| Husband-wife educational gap (omitted= 3 years or less) | ||||||
| 4 years or more | 0.46(0.26) | 0.49(0.26) | 0.83(0.41)* | 0.85(0.41)* | 0.14(0.34) | 0.16(0.35) |
| Does not know husband’s education level | −0.81(0.37)* | −0.82(0.38)* | −1.11(0.56)* | −1.12(0.56)* | −0.63(0.52) | −0.62(0.52) |
| Polygyny | 0.17(0.21) | 0.18(0.21) | 0.00(0.29) | 0.28(0.33) | 0.26(0.29) | 0.23(0.30) |
| Co-residence with in-laws | −0.01(0.20) | −0.02(0.20) | 0.06(0.29) | −0.02(0.42) | −0.27(0.29) | −0.31(0.29) |
| Bridewealth paid | 0.01(0.19) | 0.05(0.19) | −0.14(0.27) | 0.15(0.50) | 0.13(0.26) | 0.21(0.27) |
| Migrant husband | 0.49(0.19)** | 0.46(0.19)** | 0.41(0.27) | −0.02(0.56) | 0.73(0.28)** | 0.67(0.28)* |
| Child’s Characteristics | ||||||
| Age | 2.1(0.28)*** | 2.1(0.28)*** | 1.74(0.39)*** | 1.74(0.39)*** | 2.55(0.43)*** | 2.6(0.44)*** |
| Age squared | −0.10(0.01)*** | −0.10(0.01)*** | −0.08(0.02)*** | −0.08(0.02)*** | −0.12(0.02)*** | −0.12(0.02)*** |
| Female | 0.04(0.16) | 0.04(0.16) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Siblings | ||||||
| Younger female sibling | 0.08(0.23) | 0.08(0.23) | 0.19(0.33) | 0.19(0.33) | 0.00(0.32) | −0.02(0.32) |
| Younger male sibling | −0.12(0.24) | −0.11(0.24) | 0.10(0.33) | 0.11(0.33) | −0.54(0.36) | −0.56(0.36) |
| Older female sibling | −0.40(0.19)* | −0.39(0.19)* | −0.86(0.27)** | −0.85(0.27)** | 0.06(0.29) | 0.04(0.29) |
| Older male sibling | −0.08(0.20) | −0.08(0.20) | −0.26(0.29) | −0.25(0.29) | 0.14(0.29) | 0.14(0.29) |
| Sibling aged less than 5 years | −0.11(0.18) | −0.10(0.18) | 0.1(0.25) | 0.1(0.25) | −0.33(0.25) | −0.30(0.25) |
| Household’s Characteristics | ||||||
| Household economic status scale | 0.21(0.09)* | 0.21(0.09)* | 0.25(0.13) | 0.25(0.13)* | 0.17(0.12) | 0.17(0.13) |
| Size of agricultural land | 0.10(0.07) | 0.08(0.07) | 0.13(0.10) | 0.12(0.10) | 0.08(0.10) | 0.06(0.10) |
| Village | ||||||
| Distance to nearest town | −0.01(0.00)** | 0.00(0.00)** | 0.00(0.00) | 0.00(0.00) | −0.01(0.00)** | −0.01(0.00)* |
| Primary school in the village | 0.76(0.19)*** | 0.79(0.20)*** | 1.07(0.28)*** | 1.07(0.28)*** | 0.62(0.28)* | 0.68(0.28)* |
| Clinic in the village | 0.20(0.20) | 0.20(0.20) | −0.09(0.29) | −0.10(0.29) | 0.51(0.28) | 0.58(0.28)* |
| N | 2026 | 2026 | 1021 | 1021 | 1005 | 1005 |
Source: Childbearing Dynamics in a Setting of High HIV Prevalence and Massive ART Rollout Survey, 2009.
*
p<.05;
**
p<.01;
***
p<.001