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. 2015 Aug 19;309(8):F731–F743. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00188.2015

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

Mitochondrial respiration studies showed impaired mitochondrial state 3 respiration in LoxTB MC4R−/− mice kidneys under complex I substrate glutamate (a glucose substrate), palmitoyl-l-carnitine (an esterified fatty acid), and nonesterified fatty acid palmitoyl CoA+l-carnitine (A). Similar impairments to mitochondrial state 4 respiration were observed in LoxTB MC4R−/− mice kidneys under fatty acid substrates palmitoyl-l-carnitine and palmitoyl CoA+l-carnitine (B). In contrast, LoxTB MC4R−/− mice kidneys demonstrate an increased respiratory control ratio (RCR) under complex II glucose substrate succinate (C) and increase in complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) activity (D). Although no changes in state 3 respiration or complex IV activity was observed, the ob/ob mice renal mitochondria show increased state 4 respiration under complex II glucose substrate succinate (B) and diminished RCR values under glucose substrates succinate and glutamate (C) but not under fatty acid substrates. State 3 and state 4 respiration values were normalized for citrate synthase (CS) activity in renal mitochondria. Values are means ± SE. *P < 0.05 compared with WT Control. †P < 0.05 compared with WT-LoxTB mice.