Table 1.
Descriptive statistics
| Cohort | Females | Males | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 978 | 448 | 530 | |
| Age, yr | 12.2 (12.0–12.4) | 12.3 (12.1–12.6) | 12.2 (11.9–12.4) | 0.241 |
| Height, m | 1.52 (1.52–1.54) | 1.52 (1.51–1.53) | 1.53 (1.52–1.55) | 0.286 |
| Weight, kg | 50.5 (49.41–51.98) | 50.01 (48.36–51.66) | 51.29 (49.36–53.21) | 0.369 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 20 (20.6–21.2) | 21 (20.6–21.5) | 21 (20.4–21.2) | 0.412 |
| FMD, % | 7.94 (7.71–8.16) | 8.31 (7.95–8.66) | 7.62 (7.33–7.91) | 0.024 |
| Adjusted FMD, % | 8.44 (6.67–10.24) | 8.74 (6.06–11.05) | 8.15 (5.89–10.46) | 0.261 |
| Baseline artery diameter, mm | 3.11 (0.308–0.314) | 2.96 (2.92–3.00) | 3.24 (3.19–3.28)* | <0.001 |
| Time to peak, s | 60.7 (59.0–62.5) | 57.3 (55.8–59.8) | 63.6 (61.2–66.1)* | 0.001 |
Values are means (95% CI); n = no. of subjects. P value denotes significant sex difference. BMI, body mass index; FMD, flow-mediated dilation; time to peak, time to peak diameter post-cuff deflation during FMD test.