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(a) Idealized vocal tract shapes with (b) corresponding inertograms. From top to bottom: decoupled epilarynx tube; epilarynx tube with uniform vocal tract; oral semi-occlusion; oral semi-occlusion paired with epilarynx narrowing; oral semi-occlusion and lengthened vocal tract paired with epilarynx narrowing (reprinted with permission; Titze & Verdolini Abbott, 2012).
