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. 2015 Sep 18;15(9):23868–23885. doi: 10.3390/s150923868

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Covalent conjugation of Hb with PAA shown by agarose gel and TEM’s. (A) Agarose gel of Hb and Hb-PAA conjugates (40 mM Tris acetate pH 6.5). Lane 1, Hb; lane 2, Hb/PAA-450k(1:0.8:1.5) physical mixture; lane 3, Hb-PAA-450k(1:0.8:1.5); lane 4, Hb/PAA-450k(1:0.3:1.5) physical mixture, and lane 5, Hb-PAA-450k(1:0.3:1.5). Hb migrated towards negative electrode (lane 1) and Hb-PAA migrated (lanes 3 and 5) towards the positive electrode due to the negatively charged carboxyl groups of PAA conjugated to Hb; (B) TEM image of Hb (C) TEM image of Hb-PAA-450k(1:0.8:1.5) showing nanogels (also shown in circle). All TEM’s are after staining with uranyl acetate.