Table 1.

The documented information of miRNAs in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ALL

miRNA	Gene locus		Target	Main effect of the target in hematopoiesis or oncogenesis	Value in diagnosis or differential diagnosis of ALL
miRNA-223	Xq12		FOXO103	FOXO represses tumor suppression genes, such as BIM,	Higher expression in the subset of adult T-cell ALL displaying myeloid features than the other subsets;66 downregulated in ALL compared with AML73,74
			LMO2104	Trail, and Fas L, which induce apoptosis;103 LMO2 is a pro-oncogene in T-cells105,106
Let-7b	22q13		HMGA107	HMGA is oncogenic	Downregulated in ALL compared with AML73,74
miRNA-128a	2q21		BMI-1108	A gene regulates self-renewal of leukemic cells109	Upregulated in ALL compared with AML;73,74 highly expressed in E2A/PBX1-positive cases60
miRNA-196a	17q21-22		HOXB8110 ERG111	HOXB8 and ERG increase cell survival and proliferation of progenitors110	Downregulated in T-ALL compared with AML; high miRNA-196a expression is significantly associated with an early immunophenotype of T-ALL110
miRNA-196b	7p15, between HOXA9 and HOXA10110	c-myc101 ERG111		ERG and c-myc increase cell survival and proliferation of progenitors112	Downregulated in B-cell ALL;113 upregulated in MLL-rearranged63 and other HOXA-activated ALLs114
miRNA-125b-1	11q24		May be Trp53inp1115	Trp53inp1 is a proapoptotic gene116	Upregulated in B-ALL with chromosomal translocation t(11; 14) (q24; q32)115
miRNA-128-3p	Not clear		PHF6117	Might be a tumor suppressor gene118	Significantly higher expressed in ALL samples than in AML or normal samples63,73
miRNA-148a	7p15.2		BIM, PTEN119	BIM and PTEN are proapoptotic genes119	Highly expressed in T-ALL cases60
miRNA-151	Chromosome: 8		ITK, ZAP-7060	ITK plays an important role in normal T-cell functions and in the pathophysiology of both autoimmune diseases and T-cell malignancies;120 ZAP-70 expression is associated with the E2A/PBX1 rearrangement121	Downmodulated in T-ALL60
miRNA-424	Xq26.3		NFI-A,122 VEGFR2123	NFI-A modulates the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors;124 VEGF inhibits tumor cell invasion and mesenchymal transition through a MET/VEGFR2 complex125	Highly expressed in patients with T-ALL and down modulated in AMLs with NPM1mutA60,122
miRNA-23a	19p13.13		HOXB4126 BCR/ABL127 CXCL12128	HOXB4 is oncogenic;126 BCR/ABL is oncogenic;127 CXCL12 regulates the interaction between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and BM stromal cells128	Higher expressed in AML compared with ALL72,129
miRNA-27a	19p13.13		4-3-3θ130	4-3-3θ is antiapoptotic130	Higher expressed in AML compared with ALL;72 downregulated in ALL compared with hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells130
miRNA-221	Xp11.3		p27131	p27 prevent cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase131	Higher expressed in AML compared with ALL72,132

Abbreviations: miRNA, microRNAs; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloblastic leukemia; BM, bone marrow.