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. 2015 Oct 20;6:278. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00278

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Copyright © 2015 Greer-Short and Poelzing.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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+ISO ectopic incidence and R-R interval time course. (A) Without ISO (time −2) no ectopic beats were elicited. With the addition of ISO, ectopic beats were produced for 8 min, reaching the peak incidence by 2 min, before reaching 0% incidence at 8 min. Black: without ISO, Gray: early stage with ISO (0–11 min), and White: late stage with ISO (12–21 min), respectively. (B) Significantly more ectopic activity (*) was produced in the early stage (0–11 min, gray bar, 12%, n = 6) relative to the late stage (12–21 min, white bar, 0%). (C) ISO significantly shortened R-R interval within 2 min (*) relative to time points before ISO perfusion (Black). Over time, R-R interval gradually returned to control cycle lengths. (D) The R-R interval for the early stage was significantly shorter relative to the late stage (286 ± 6 vs. 368 ± 8 ms, *).