Table 3.

Benefits and limitations of commonly used diagnostic tests

Study	Advantages	Disadvantages
Barium esophagram	Readily available	Inadequate screen for GORD
	Evaluates upper GI structure	Results are operator dependent
24-h pH probe	Quantification of reflux	Requires hospitalization
	Evaluates atypical symptoms Monitors medical treatment	Requires special equipment and trained personnel
Endoscopy with biopsy	Evaluates persistent GORD, PUD, H Pylori infection, allergic enteropathy and Barrett’s oesophagus	Invasive and requires sedation/general anaesthesia