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. 2015 Sep 29;112(41):12711–12716. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1501597112

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Fig. 1. — Parbendazole induces osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Results of ALP activity after 1 wk of culture (A) and mineralization after 3 wk of culture (B) in hMSCs treated with 1 μM parbendazole (light gray bar), 4 μM parbendazole (dark gray bar) compared with negative control (control medium; white bar) or positive control (0.1 μM dex; black bar) treated cells. (C) Dose-dependent induction of mineralization was confirmed by alizarin red staining after 3 wk of culture. mRNA expression levels of ALPL (D), IBSP (E), and SPP1 (F) 7 d after the start of treatment with control medium (white bar), 4 μM parbendazole (gray bar), or 0.1 μM dex (black bar) as assessed by quantitative PCR. For biochemistry, n = 12. For PCRs, n = 6. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Results are presented relative to control.