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Comparison of shock number and duration of exposure. Subjects received 360 or 720 FT shocks over a period of 6, 12 or 24 min. Exposure to 360, but not 720, shocks produced a learning impairment independent of the duration of exposure. The top panel depicts the experimental design. The left panel illustrates the change in response duration observed over the 30 min of testing and the group means are provided to the right. The error bars depict the ± SEM.
