Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of study subjects and SPARC levels in four groups. Date are mean ± S.E.M
| Group | Normal | DM | CRF | DN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (male/female) | 38 (18/20) | 41 (19/22) | 39 (19/20) | 42 (20/22) |
| Age | 48±12 | 50±16 | 51±14 | 52±13 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 23.66±1.58 | 24.46±2.78 | 22.36±2.25 | 23.79±2.65 |
| WHR | 0.83±0.06 | 0.88±0.08 | 0.81±0.05 | 0.86±0.06 |
| SPARC (mg/L) | 3.58±0.41 | 4.51±1.08c | 3.81±1.16 | 5.78±1.41a,b,e |
| SBP (mmHg) | 114.35±16.46 | 126.46±15.18 | 143,56±17.15a,b | 133.96±16.21c,d,e |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72,38±10.12 | 74.79±12.27 | 86.92±12.13 | 81.41±10.08c,d |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.97±0.96 | 8.78±1.46c,e | 4.89±0.85 | 8.69±1.65c,e |
| 2h-PBG (mmol/L) | 6.27±0.87 | 10.13±2.14c,e | 6.35±0.74 | 11.23±2.35c,e |
| f-INS (mUl/L) | 9.6±3.2 | 3.6±1.2c,e | 10.1±2.9 | 3.1±1.8c,e |
| 2h-INS (mUl/L) | 31.3±5.6 | 21.2±4.8c,e | 28.9±4.7 | 11.2±3.9c,d,e |
| Crea (mmol/L) | 73±29 | 76±28 | 436±82c,d | 79±31e |
| Bun (mmol/L ) | 4.8±1.8 | 5.1±1.7 | 13.8±2.8c,d | 5.2±1.7e |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 108.6±12.7 | 104.3±14.1 | 42.5±11.8c,d | 102.5±15.7e |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.1±0.6 | 8.3±1.7c,e | 5.4±0.7 | 9.2±1.5d |
| TG (mmol/L) | 3.56±1.62 | 6.12±1.58c | 5.96±1.42 | 5.89±1.46c |
| TC (mmol/L) | 1.88±0.78 | 4.15±1.77c | 3.99±0.98 | 4.33±1.36c |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.31±0.42 | 1.29±0.37 | 1.10±0.31 | 1.23±0.30 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.17±0.72 | 2.71±0.81c | 1.84±0.63 | 2.12±0.71 |
| Urine A/C (mg/mmol) | 1.8±0.6 | 3.2±0.8 | 22.5±3.6c,d | 15.8±2.8c,d |
| Urine protein | - | - | ++ - +++ | ± - + + |
P < 0.01, VS Normal;
P < 0.01, VS DM;
P < 0.05, VS Normal;
P < 0.05, VS DM;
P < 0.05, VS CRF;
Normal: normal control group; DM: simple diabetes group; CRF: Chronic renal insufficiency group; DN: Diabetic nephropathy; BMI: Body mass index; WHR: Waist hip ratio; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: Glomerular filtration rate; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; 2h-PBG: 2h postprandial blood glucose; f-INS: Fasting serum insulin; 2h-INS: 2h postprandial serum insulin; Crea: Serum creatinine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; TG: Triglycerides; TC: Total cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Urine A/C: The ratio of albumin and creatinine in urine; SPARC: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine.