Figure 2.

Urine ¹H NMR variables involved in predicting preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GH) and both combined using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The variable importance in projection (VIP) scores for each variable (part per million, ppm) are shown on the vertical axis, with higher VIP scores meaning increasing importance in the predictive model. The variables are colored by the loadings from the corresponding PLS-DA model. Red means increasing levels of metabolite in the indicated condition and blue meaning decreasing levels. Metabolites by number: 1, 4-deoxyerythronic acid; 2, 4-deoxythreonic acid; 3, lactate and threonine; 4, α-hydroxyisobutyrate; 5, alanine; 6, acetate and lysine; 7, glutamine; 8, citrate; 9, dimethylamine; 10, creatinine; 11, proline betaine; 12, carnitine (tentative); 13, betaine; 14, glycine 15, ascorbic acid; 16, hippurate; 17, phenylacetylglutamine; 18, histidine.