Table 3.
Serum metabolite multivariate models predicting preeclampsia and/or gestational hypertension a.
| Hypertensive Pregnancy Outcome | Accuracy (%) | Specificity (%) | Sensitivity (%) | Sensitivity at 10% FPR (%) | p-Value b | Indicated Metabolites c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preeclampsia (n = 26), vs. no preeclampsia (n = 565) | ||||||
| Full serum spectra | 59.4 | 73.8 | 45.0 | 20.0 | >0.05 | NS |
| VIP ≥ 1 variables | 58.3 | 70.3 | 46.3 | 26.3 | >0.05 | NS |
| CARS variables | 64.6 | 65.4 | 63.8 | 15.0 | 0.05 | ↑ Signals from triglycerides, 3-HB, ↓ Pyruvate, PtdCho, Lac |
| Gestational Hypertension (n = 21) vs. no gestational hypertension (n = 570) | ||||||
| Full serum spectra | 59.1 | 74.8 | 43.3 | 25.0 | >0.05 | NS |
| VIP ≥ 1 variables | 58.1 | 75.0 | 41.3 | 22.5 | >0.05 | NS |
| CARS variables | 66.1 | 55.0 | 76.9 | 33.3 | 0.02 | ↑ Signals from triglycerides, ↓ Variables corresponding to HDL, Lac, N-Ac, PtdCho, Glc |
| Preeclampsia or gestational hypertension (n = 47) vs. normotensive (n = 544) | ||||||
| Full serum spectra | 62.6 | 70.8 | 54.4 | 24.4 | 0.01 | ↑ Lipid signals, signals from triglycerides, ↓ Signals from HDL, Glc, Val, Leu, Lac, Ala, PtdCho |
| VIP ≥ 1 variables | 63.0 | 70.4 | 55.6 | 27.5 | <0.00 | ↑ Lipid signals, signals from triglycerides, ↓ Signals from HDL, Glc, Leu, Val, Ala, Lac, PtdCho |
| CARS variables | 64.5 | 69.1 | 60.0 | 30.0 | 0.02 | ↑ Variables corresponding to triglycerides, ↓ Lac, PtdCho |
Abbreviations: 3-HB, 3-hydroxybutyrate; Ala, alanine; CARS, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling; FPR, false positive rate; GH, gestational hypertension; Glc, glucose; HDL, high density lipoprotein; Lac, lactate; Leu, leucine; N-Ac, N-acetyl glycoproteins; NS, not significant PE, preeclampsia; PtdCho, phosphatidylcholine; Thr, threonine; Val, valine; VIP, variable importance in projection. a VIP or CARS variable selection was performed, and results were evaluated using accuracy, specificity and sensitivity from double cross validation; b Model validity was estimated by 100 permutation tests; c The metabolites are listed as increased (↑) or decreased (↓) in the hypertensive disease pregnancies compared to the pregnancies without the disease.