Typical 500-MHz 1H-NMR spectra of the aqueous extract from the rice roots of the HG control (a); HG salt treated (b); LG control (c); and LG salt treated (d). Gln, glutamine; Glu, glutamate; Ala, alanine; Thr, threonine; Val, valine; Ile, isoleucine; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid.